[Oracle] PDO-OCI 的 DSN 連接字串

最近重裝我的開發環境，結果連 oracle 一直連不上，出現了以下幾種訊息，最後是因為我的 TNS listener 沒設好，或是我的 DSN 錯誤，整理出我試過的幾個 DSN 連接字串：

ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve service name
ORA-06401: NETCMN: invalid driver designator
ORA-12514: TNS:listener could not resolve SERVICE_NAME
ORA-12505: TNS:listener could not resolve SID given in connect descriptor

原始碼

1. $DSN="oci:dbname=jaxdb;charset=utf-8"; 
2.  
3. $DSN="oci:dbname=127.0.0.1:1521/jaxdb;charset=utf-8"; 
4.  
5. $DSN = "oci:dbname=( 
6.    DESCRIPTION = ( 
7.        ADDRESS_LIST = ( 
8.            ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 1521) 
9.        ) 
10.    )(CONNECT_DATA= 
11.        (SID = jaxdb) 
12.    ) 
13. );charset=utf8"; 
14.  
15. $DSN = "oci:dbname=( 
16.    DESCRIPTION = ( 
17.        ADDRESS_LIST = ( 
18.            ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 1521) 
19.        ) 
20.    )(CONNECT_DATA= 
21.        (SERVICE_NAME = jaxdb) 
22.    ) 
23. );charset=utf8"; 

$DSN="oci:dbname=jaxdb;charset=utf-8";

$DSN="oci:dbname=127.0.0.1:1521/jaxdb;charset=utf-8";

$DSN = "oci:dbname=(
    DESCRIPTION = (
        ADDRESS_LIST = (
            ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 1521)
        )
    )(CONNECT_DATA=
        (SID = jaxdb)
    )
);charset=utf8";
    
$DSN = "oci:dbname=(
    DESCRIPTION = (
        ADDRESS_LIST = (
            ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 1521)
        )
    )(CONNECT_DATA=
        (SERVICE_NAME = jaxdb)
    )
);charset=utf8";